Why Do Doctors Tap On Your Knee during a physical exam? It’s a quick and simple way to assess the health of your nervous system and muscle function. At thebootdoctor.net, we’ll delve into the reasons behind this common procedure, exploring its significance in identifying potential underlying health issues. By understanding the importance of reflex tests and the insights they provide, you’ll gain a greater appreciation for the vital role they play in diagnosing and managing neurological and musculoskeletal conditions.
1. What is the Purpose of Tapping on Your Knee?
The primary purpose of a doctor tapping on your knee is to elicit the patellar reflex, also known as the knee-jerk reflex, which helps assess the function of the nervous system. This reflex provides valuable information about the health of the spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and muscle function.
1.1 Assessing the Nervous System
The knee-jerk reflex is a type of deep tendon reflex. According to research from the American Podiatric Medical Association (APMA), in July 2025, these reflexes provide insight into the integrity of the nervous system. When a doctor taps the patellar tendon (located just below the kneecap), it stretches the quadriceps muscle in the thigh. This sends a signal to the spinal cord, which, in turn, sends a signal back to the quadriceps muscle, causing it to contract and the lower leg to extend.
1.2 Identifying Neurological Issues
The presence, absence, or abnormality of the knee-jerk reflex can indicate various neurological issues. For example, an absent or diminished reflex (hyporeflexia) may suggest nerve damage, spinal cord injury, or muscle disorders. Conversely, an exaggerated reflex (hyperreflexia) could indicate upper motor neuron lesions, such as those caused by stroke or multiple sclerosis.
1.3 Diagnosing Peripheral Neuropathy
Peripheral neuropathy, a condition affecting the peripheral nerves, can also be detected through reflex testing. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) highlight that peripheral neuropathy often results in diminished or absent reflexes in the lower extremities. This is because the nerve damage impairs the transmission of signals between the spinal cord and the muscles.
1.4 Muscle Function Assessment
In addition to assessing the nervous system, the knee-jerk reflex also provides information about muscle function. If the quadriceps muscle is weak or damaged, the reflex response may be reduced or absent. This can help doctors identify muscle disorders such as muscular dystrophy or myopathy.
1.5 Quick and Non-Invasive Evaluation
Reflex testing is a quick, non-invasive, and painless way to evaluate the nervous system and muscle function. It can be performed during a routine physical exam and provides valuable diagnostic information without the need for more complex and invasive procedures. Doctors often use this test as an initial screening tool to identify potential neurological or musculoskeletal issues that require further investigation.
2. What Does It Mean When There Is No Reflex?
The absence of a reflex, known as areflexia, can indicate an underlying health issue, particularly related to nerve damage or muscle disorders. However, it’s important to note that a single absent reflex does not always indicate a serious problem, and other factors must be considered.
2.1 Peripheral Neuropathy
A common cause of areflexia is peripheral neuropathy, which involves damage to the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord. According to Mayo Clinic, peripheral neuropathy can result from various factors, including diabetes, infections, autoimmune diseases, and exposure to toxins. The nerve damage disrupts the transmission of signals needed to elicit the reflex.
2.2 Spinal Cord Injury
Spinal cord injuries can also lead to areflexia, especially if the injury affects the reflex arc responsible for the knee-jerk reflex. The severity and location of the injury determine the extent of reflex loss. Complete spinal cord injuries often result in complete areflexia below the level of the injury.
2.3 Muscle Disorders
Certain muscle disorders, such as muscular dystrophy or myopathy, can weaken the muscles involved in the reflex response. This weakness can lead to a diminished or absent reflex. In these cases, the problem lies within the muscle itself rather than the nervous system.
2.4 Nerve Compression or Entrapment
Nerve compression or entrapment, such as carpal tunnel syndrome or sciatica, can also interfere with nerve function and lead to areflexia. When a nerve is compressed, it can’t transmit signals effectively, resulting in a reduced or absent reflex response.
2.5 Medications
Some medications can affect nerve function and reflexes. For example, certain sedatives, muscle relaxants, and anticonvulsants can depress the nervous system and reduce reflex responses. It’s important to inform your doctor about all the medications you’re taking, as they may be contributing to areflexia.
2.6 Normal Variation
In some cases, a slightly diminished or absent reflex may be a normal variation, especially in older adults. As we age, our reflexes may naturally become less brisk. However, it’s still important to discuss any changes in reflexes with your doctor to rule out underlying medical conditions.
2.7 Further Evaluation
If a doctor detects areflexia during a physical exam, they will likely perform additional tests to determine the underlying cause. These tests may include nerve conduction studies, electromyography (EMG), MRI scans, and blood tests. The results of these tests will help the doctor make an accurate diagnosis and develop an appropriate treatment plan.
3. What Other Reflexes Do Doctors Check and Why?
Besides the knee-jerk reflex, doctors assess several other reflexes to gain a comprehensive understanding of the nervous system function. Each reflex tests a specific neural pathway and provides unique information about different parts of the nervous system. Here are some common reflexes and their significance:
| Reflex | Procedure | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Biceps Reflex | Tapping the biceps tendon in the elbow while the forearm is relaxed. | Evaluates the function of the C5 and C6 spinal nerve roots and the musculocutaneous nerve. |
| Triceps Reflex | Tapping the triceps tendon above the elbow while the arm is relaxed. | Assesses the function of the C7 and C8 spinal nerve roots and the radial nerve. |
| Brachioradialis Reflex | Tapping the brachioradialis tendon near the wrist while the forearm is relaxed. | Evaluates the function of the C5 and C6 spinal nerve roots and the radial nerve. |
| Ankle Jerk (Achilles) | Tapping the Achilles tendon at the back of the ankle while the foot is relaxed. | Assesses the function of the S1 and S2 spinal nerve roots and the tibial nerve. |
| Plantar Reflex (Babinski) | Stroking the sole of the foot from the heel to the toes. | Evaluates the function of the upper motor neurons. In adults, a normal response is toe flexion. Toe extension can indicate neurological issues. |
3.1 Biceps Reflex
The biceps reflex is elicited by tapping the biceps tendon in the elbow while the forearm is relaxed. This reflex evaluates the function of the C5 and C6 spinal nerve roots and the musculocutaneous nerve. An absent or diminished biceps reflex may indicate nerve damage or a cervical spine issue.
3.2 Triceps Reflex
The triceps reflex is tested by tapping the triceps tendon above the elbow while the arm is relaxed. This reflex assesses the function of the C7 and C8 spinal nerve roots and the radial nerve. An absent or diminished triceps reflex may suggest nerve damage or a radial nerve injury.
3.3 Brachioradialis Reflex
The brachioradialis reflex is elicited by tapping the brachioradialis tendon near the wrist while the forearm is relaxed. This reflex evaluates the function of the C5 and C6 spinal nerve roots and the radial nerve. An abnormal response may indicate nerve damage or a cervical spine issue.
3.4 Ankle Jerk (Achilles) Reflex
The ankle jerk reflex, also known as the Achilles reflex, is tested by tapping the Achilles tendon at the back of the ankle while the foot is relaxed. This reflex assesses the function of the S1 and S2 spinal nerve roots and the tibial nerve. An absent or diminished ankle jerk reflex may indicate nerve damage, such as in peripheral neuropathy or sciatica.
3.5 Plantar Reflex (Babinski Sign)
The plantar reflex, also known as the Babinski sign, is elicited by stroking the sole of the foot from the heel to the toes. In adults, a normal response is toe flexion (toes curling downward). Toe extension (toes pointing upward) can indicate neurological issues, such as upper motor neuron lesions.
3.6 Clinical Significance
The assessment of these reflexes is an essential part of a neurological examination. Abnormalities in reflexes can help doctors localize the site of nerve damage or dysfunction. For example, specific reflex abnormalities can help identify cervical or lumbar radiculopathies, peripheral neuropathies, or upper motor neuron lesions.
4. What Conditions Can Affect Your Reflexes?
Various medical conditions can affect reflexes, ranging from neurological disorders to metabolic imbalances. Understanding these conditions can help appreciate the significance of reflex testing in diagnosing and managing various health issues. Here are some conditions that can impact reflexes:
4.1 Peripheral Neuropathy
Peripheral neuropathy, as mentioned earlier, is a common cause of abnormal reflexes. Conditions such as diabetes, alcoholism, autoimmune diseases, and infections can damage peripheral nerves, leading to diminished or absent reflexes. The nerve damage disrupts the transmission of signals needed for normal reflex responses.
4.2 Spinal Cord Injuries
Spinal cord injuries can significantly impact reflexes, depending on the location and severity of the injury. Complete spinal cord injuries often result in areflexia (absence of reflexes) below the level of the injury. Incomplete injuries may cause a mix of areflexia and hyperreflexia (exaggerated reflexes).
4.3 Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease that affects the brain and spinal cord. MS can cause inflammation and damage to nerve fibers, leading to various neurological symptoms, including changes in reflexes. Hyperreflexia and spasticity (increased muscle tone) are common findings in MS patients.
4.4 Stroke
Stroke, which occurs when blood supply to the brain is interrupted, can also affect reflexes. Depending on the location and extent of the brain damage, stroke can cause hyperreflexia, weakness, and spasticity on one side of the body.
4.5 Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism, a condition in which the thyroid gland doesn’t produce enough thyroid hormone, can affect reflexes. Hypothyroidism can slow down nerve function and lead to delayed or diminished reflexes.
4.6 Hyperthyroidism
Hyperthyroidism, a condition in which the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone, can also impact reflexes. Hyperthyroidism can increase nerve excitability and lead to hyperreflexia (exaggerated reflexes).
4.7 Electrolyte Imbalances
Electrolyte imbalances, such as low sodium (hyponatremia) or high calcium (hypercalcemia), can affect nerve and muscle function, leading to changes in reflexes. Severe electrolyte imbalances can cause muscle weakness, cramps, and abnormal reflexes.
4.8 Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
Guillain-Barré syndrome is a rare autoimmune disorder in which the immune system attacks the peripheral nerves. GBS can cause rapid-onset muscle weakness, paralysis, and areflexia (absence of reflexes).
4.9 Muscular Dystrophy
Muscular dystrophy is a group of genetic disorders that cause progressive muscle weakness and degeneration. Muscular dystrophy can lead to diminished or absent reflexes due to the weakening of the muscles involved in the reflex response.
4.10 Cerebral Palsy
Cerebral palsy is a group of neurological disorders that affect movement, muscle tone, and posture. Cerebral palsy can cause hyperreflexia, spasticity, and other motor impairments.
4.11 Vitamin Deficiencies
Deficiencies in certain vitamins, such as vitamin B12, can affect nerve function and lead to abnormal reflexes. Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause peripheral neuropathy and spinal cord damage, resulting in diminished or absent reflexes.
4.12 Infections
Certain infections, such as Lyme disease, syphilis, and HIV, can affect the nervous system and lead to changes in reflexes. These infections can cause inflammation and damage to nerve tissue, resulting in abnormal reflex responses.
5. What Is the Significance of Hyperreflexia?
Hyperreflexia, characterized by exaggerated or overactive reflexes, often indicates an underlying neurological condition affecting the upper motor neurons. While reflexes are essential for normal bodily function, excessive reflexes can signal a problem in the central nervous system.
5.1 Upper Motor Neuron Lesions
The primary cause of hyperreflexia is damage to the upper motor neurons, which are nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord that control voluntary movement. Lesions in these neurons can disrupt the normal inhibitory signals that regulate reflexes, leading to exaggerated responses.
5.2 Spinal Cord Injury
Spinal cord injuries, particularly those affecting the upper spinal cord, can cause hyperreflexia below the level of the injury. The disruption of descending inhibitory pathways from the brain results in increased reflex activity in the lower extremities.
5.3 Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease that affects the brain and spinal cord. MS can cause inflammation and damage to nerve fibers, leading to various neurological symptoms, including hyperreflexia and spasticity (increased muscle tone).
5.4 Stroke
Stroke, which occurs when blood supply to the brain is interrupted, can also affect reflexes. Depending on the location and extent of the brain damage, stroke can cause hyperreflexia, weakness, and spasticity on one side of the body.
5.5 Cerebral Palsy
Cerebral palsy is a group of neurological disorders that affect movement, muscle tone, and posture. Cerebral palsy can cause hyperreflexia, spasticity, and other motor impairments.
5.6 Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. ALS can cause both upper and lower motor neuron signs, including hyperreflexia, muscle weakness, and atrophy.
5.7 Brain Tumors
Brain tumors can compress or damage areas of the brain that control motor function, leading to hyperreflexia. The location and size of the tumor determine the specific neurological symptoms.
5.8 Encephalitis and Meningitis
Encephalitis (inflammation of the brain) and meningitis (inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord) can affect brain function and lead to various neurological symptoms, including hyperreflexia.
5.9 Clinical Evaluation
If a doctor detects hyperreflexia during a physical exam, they will likely perform additional tests to determine the underlying cause. These tests may include MRI scans of the brain and spinal cord, nerve conduction studies, and electromyography (EMG). The results of these tests will help the doctor make an accurate diagnosis and develop an appropriate treatment plan.
5.10 Management
The management of hyperreflexia depends on the underlying cause. Treatment options may include medications to reduce muscle spasticity, physical therapy to improve range of motion and muscle strength, and occupational therapy to improve functional abilities. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to relieve nerve compression or correct structural abnormalities.
6. How Can Peripheral Neuropathy Affect Leg Reflexes?
Peripheral neuropathy can significantly affect leg reflexes by disrupting the normal nerve signal transmission between the spinal cord and the muscles in the legs. This disruption can lead to diminished or absent reflexes, depending on the severity and location of the nerve damage.
6.1 Nerve Damage
Peripheral neuropathy involves damage to the peripheral nerves, which are the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord. This damage can result from various factors, including diabetes, infections, autoimmune diseases, exposure to toxins, and genetic disorders.
6.2 Disrupted Nerve Signals
When the peripheral nerves are damaged, they can’t transmit signals effectively. This disrupts the communication between the spinal cord and the muscles in the legs, leading to changes in reflexes. The knee-jerk reflex, ankle-jerk reflex, and plantar reflex can all be affected by peripheral neuropathy.
6.3 Diminished or Absent Reflexes
The most common effect of peripheral neuropathy on leg reflexes is a reduction or absence of the reflex response. For example, the knee-jerk reflex may be diminished or absent when the nerves that control the quadriceps muscle are damaged. Similarly, the ankle-jerk reflex may be affected when the nerves that control the calf muscles are damaged.
6.4 Sensory Symptoms
In addition to affecting reflexes, peripheral neuropathy can also cause various sensory symptoms in the legs, such as numbness, tingling, burning pain, and loss of sensation. These symptoms can further impair the ability to elicit normal reflex responses.
6.5 Motor Weakness
Peripheral neuropathy can also lead to motor weakness in the legs, which can further contribute to abnormal reflexes. Weak muscles may not respond normally to the stimulus of a reflex test, resulting in a diminished or absent reflex response.
6.6 Diagnostic Tool
Reflex testing is an important diagnostic tool for identifying and evaluating peripheral neuropathy. By assessing the reflexes in the legs, doctors can determine the extent and location of nerve damage and monitor the progression of the condition.
6.7 Underlying Cause
If a doctor suspects peripheral neuropathy based on reflex testing and other symptoms, they will likely perform additional tests to determine the underlying cause. These tests may include nerve conduction studies, electromyography (EMG), blood tests, and imaging studies.
6.8 Management
The management of peripheral neuropathy involves addressing the underlying cause and managing the symptoms. Treatment options may include medications to control pain, physical therapy to improve muscle strength and coordination, and lifestyle modifications to improve overall health.
7. What Should You Expect During a Reflex Test?
During a reflex test, you can expect a quick, painless, and non-invasive examination that provides valuable information about your nervous system and muscle function. The test is typically performed as part of a routine physical exam.
7.1 Positioning
The doctor will position you comfortably, either sitting or lying down, depending on the specific reflexes being tested. For the knee-jerk reflex, you will usually be seated with your legs dangling freely.
7.2 Tapping
The doctor will use a reflex hammer, a small rubber-headed instrument, to tap on specific tendons in your body. The tendons are the tough cords of tissue that connect muscles to bones.
7.3 Knee-Jerk Reflex
For the knee-jerk reflex, the doctor will tap the patellar tendon, which is located just below the kneecap. This tapping stretches the quadriceps muscle in your thigh, causing your lower leg to extend automatically.
7.4 Other Reflexes
The doctor may also test other reflexes, such as the biceps reflex (tapping the biceps tendon in the elbow), the triceps reflex (tapping the triceps tendon above the elbow), the ankle-jerk reflex (tapping the Achilles tendon at the back of the ankle), and the plantar reflex (stroking the sole of the foot).
7.5 Observation
The doctor will observe your body’s response to the tapping. They will assess whether the reflex is present, absent, diminished, or exaggerated. They will also note any asymmetry between the reflexes on the right and left sides of your body.
7.6 No Pain
Reflex testing is generally painless. You may feel a slight tap or pressure, but it should not cause any discomfort. If you experience any pain during the test, inform your doctor immediately.
7.7 Duration
The entire reflex test typically takes only a few minutes to complete. It is a quick and efficient way to gather important diagnostic information.
7.8 Follow-Up
If the doctor detects any abnormalities during the reflex test, they may recommend additional tests to determine the underlying cause. These tests may include nerve conduction studies, electromyography (EMG), MRI scans, and blood tests.
7.9 Inform Your Doctor
Before the reflex test, inform your doctor about any medical conditions you have, as well as any medications you are taking. Certain medical conditions and medications can affect reflexes.
7.10 Relax
Try to relax during the reflex test. Tensing your muscles can interfere with the reflex response and make it difficult for the doctor to assess your reflexes accurately.
8. How Can You Improve Your Reflexes?
While reflexes are primarily involuntary responses, there are ways to potentially enhance nerve and muscle function, which may indirectly improve reflexes. Consistent exercise, a balanced diet, and targeted exercises can all play a role.
8.1 Regular Exercise
Regular exercise is essential for maintaining overall health and well-being. It can also help improve nerve and muscle function, which may indirectly improve reflexes.
8.2 Cardiovascular Exercise
Cardiovascular exercises, such as running, swimming, and cycling, can improve blood flow to the nerves and muscles, promoting optimal function. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity cardiovascular exercise most days of the week.
8.3 Strength Training
Strength training exercises can help build and maintain muscle strength, which is important for normal reflex responses. Focus on exercises that target the major muscle groups in your body, such as squats, lunges, push-ups, and rows.
8.4 Balance Exercises
Balance exercises can help improve coordination and stability, which may indirectly improve reflexes. Try exercises such as standing on one foot, walking heel-to-toe, and using a balance board.
8.5 Healthy Diet
A healthy diet that is rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein is essential for maintaining nerve and muscle function. Avoid processed foods, sugary drinks, and excessive amounts of unhealthy fats.
8.6 Vitamins and Minerals
Ensure you are getting enough vitamins and minerals, such as vitamin B12, vitamin D, calcium, and magnesium. These nutrients are important for nerve and muscle health.
8.7 Stay Hydrated
Dehydration can impair nerve and muscle function. Drink plenty of water throughout the day to stay hydrated.
8.8 Avoid Toxins
Avoid exposure to toxins, such as alcohol, tobacco, and environmental pollutants. These substances can damage nerves and impair reflex responses.
8.9 Manage Underlying Conditions
If you have any underlying medical conditions, such as diabetes or peripheral neuropathy, work with your doctor to manage them effectively. Controlling these conditions can help prevent further nerve damage and improve reflexes.
8.10 Targeted Exercises
Specific exercises can help improve reflexes in certain areas of the body. For example, if you want to improve your knee-jerk reflex, try performing quadriceps strengthening exercises, such as leg extensions and squats.
8.11 Consult with a Professional
If you are concerned about your reflexes, consult with a doctor or physical therapist. They can assess your reflexes and recommend specific exercises and strategies to improve them.
9. When Should You Be Concerned About Changes in Your Reflexes?
Changes in reflexes can be a sign of an underlying medical condition that requires evaluation and treatment. It’s important to be aware of these changes and seek medical attention when necessary.
9.1 Sudden Changes
Sudden changes in reflexes, such as the abrupt loss of a reflex or the development of hyperreflexia, should be evaluated immediately. These changes may indicate a serious neurological problem, such as a stroke, spinal cord injury, or Guillain-Barré syndrome.
9.2 Progressive Changes
Progressive changes in reflexes, such as a gradual weakening or exaggeration of reflexes over time, should also be evaluated. These changes may indicate a progressive neurological disorder, such as multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), or peripheral neuropathy.
9.3 Asymmetry
Asymmetry in reflexes, such as one side of the body having stronger or weaker reflexes than the other, should be evaluated. Asymmetry may indicate a localized neurological problem, such as a stroke, brain tumor, or nerve compression.
9.4 Associated Symptoms
If changes in reflexes are accompanied by other symptoms, such as muscle weakness, numbness, tingling, pain, or difficulty with coordination, seek medical attention. These symptoms may indicate a more serious underlying condition.
9.5 Risk Factors
If you have risk factors for neurological disorders, such as diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or a family history of neurological disease, be especially vigilant about changes in your reflexes.
9.6 Prompt Evaluation
If you are concerned about changes in your reflexes, schedule an appointment with your doctor for an evaluation. Early diagnosis and treatment can improve the outcome for many neurological conditions.
9.7 Neurological Examination
Your doctor will perform a thorough neurological examination, including reflex testing, to assess your nerve function. They may also order additional tests, such as MRI scans, nerve conduction studies, and electromyography (EMG), to determine the underlying cause of your reflex changes.
9.8 Follow-Up
Follow your doctor’s recommendations for treatment and follow-up care. Regular monitoring can help track the progression of your condition and ensure that you are receiving the most appropriate care.
9.9 Seek Expert Opinion
If you have any doubts or concerns about your diagnosis or treatment plan, seek a second opinion from another qualified healthcare professional.
9.10 Trust Your Instincts
Trust your instincts. If you feel that something is not right with your reflexes, don’t hesitate to seek medical attention. Early detection and treatment can make a significant difference in your health and well-being.
10. FAQ About Knee Reflex Tests
Here are some frequently asked questions about knee reflex tests:
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why do doctors tap on your knee? | Doctors tap on your knee to elicit the knee-jerk reflex, assessing the health of your nervous system. |
| What does it mean if there is no reflex when the doctor taps your knee? | The absence of a reflex, known as areflexia, can indicate nerve damage or muscle disorders. |
| Is a knee reflex test painful? | No, a knee reflex test is typically painless. You may feel a slight tap or pressure, but it should not cause any discomfort. |
| What other reflexes do doctors check? | Besides the knee-jerk reflex, doctors may also check the biceps reflex, triceps reflex, ankle-jerk reflex, and plantar reflex. |
| Can certain medications affect reflexes? | Yes, certain medications, such as sedatives, muscle relaxants, and anticonvulsants, can affect nerve function and reflexes. |
| Can electrolyte imbalances affect reflexes? | Yes, electrolyte imbalances, such as low sodium or high calcium, can affect nerve and muscle function, leading to changes in reflexes. |
| What is hyperreflexia? | Hyperreflexia is characterized by exaggerated or overactive reflexes, often indicating an underlying neurological condition. |
| Can diabetes affect reflexes? | Yes, diabetes can cause peripheral neuropathy, which can lead to diminished or absent reflexes in the legs. |
| How can I improve my reflexes? | Regular exercise, a healthy diet, and targeted exercises can help improve nerve and muscle function, which may indirectly improve reflexes. |
| When should I be concerned about changes in my reflexes? | You should be concerned about sudden changes, progressive changes, asymmetry, or associated symptoms, such as muscle weakness or numbness. Schedule an appointment with your doctor for an evaluation. |
Understanding the significance of reflex tests and their implications for your health can empower you to take proactive steps toward maintaining your well-being. At thebootdoctor.net, we are dedicated to providing you with reliable information and expert guidance to help you achieve optimal foot and overall health.
If you’re experiencing any concerning changes in your feet or legs, don’t hesitate to reach out to a podiatrist for a thorough evaluation. Our team at The Boot Doctor is here to assist you. Contact us at Address: 6565 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, United States. Phone: +1 (713) 791-1414 or visit our website thebootdoctor.net for more information and to schedule an appointment. Your feet deserve the best care!
