Choosing the right healthcare provider can be confusing, especially when you encounter different types of doctors. You might have heard of both M.D.s and D.O.s, but what exactly distinguishes them, and what does a D.O. doctor do? This article clarifies the role of a Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.) and how their training and practice compare to that of a Doctor of Medicine (M.D.).
D.O. vs. M.D.: Similarities in Training and Licensing
Both Doctors of Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.s) and Doctors of Medicine (M.D.s) are fully licensed physicians in the United States with the same rights and responsibilities. They both complete four years of medical school, followed by residency training in a chosen specialty such as surgery, pediatrics, or internal medicine. This rigorous post-graduate training can last from three to seven years, depending on the specialization.
Crucially, both D.O.s and M.D.s must pass the same licensing examinations to be able to practice medicine, prescribe medication, and treat patients across all areas of healthcare. This ensures that both types of physicians meet the same high standards of medical knowledge and competency required to provide comprehensive patient care. Whether you see a D.O. or an M.D., you are receiving care from a qualified and licensed physician.
Key Difference: Osteopathic Medicine and Manual Therapy
While the foundational medical education and licensing are identical, a key differentiator for D.O.s lies in their additional training in osteopathic medicine. Osteopathic medical schools in the U.S. integrate the principles of osteopathic philosophy into their curriculum. This philosophy emphasizes a “whole-person” approach to medicine, considering the interconnectedness of the body’s systems and the influence of lifestyle and environment on health.
A distinctive aspect of osteopathic practice is the use of Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT). OMT is a hands-on set of techniques used by D.O.s to diagnose, treat, and prevent illness or injury. These techniques involve manually applying gentle pressure to manipulate muscles, joints, and tissues to relieve pain, improve range of motion, and support the body’s natural ability to heal. While not all D.O.s utilize OMT in their practice, it remains a core element of osteopathic medical training and a valuable tool in their approach to patient care.
In conclusion, a D.O. doctor is a fully qualified physician who has completed rigorous medical training and licensing equivalent to an M.D. The primary distinction lies in their osteopathic medical education, which emphasizes a holistic approach and may include the use of manual medicine techniques like OMT as part of their comprehensive patient care strategy. When considering your healthcare options, understanding the qualifications and unique approach of D.O.s can help you make informed decisions about your medical care.
References:
- What is a D.O.? American Osteopathic Association. https://osteopathic.org/what-is-osteopathic-medicine/what-is-a-do/. Accessed Oct. 27, 2022.
- Roberts A, et al. Osteopathic manipulative medicine: A brief review of the hands-on treatment approaches and their therapeutic uses. Medicines. 2022; doi:10.3390/medicines9050033.
- Chin J, et al. Assessing the knowledge of the osteopathic profession in New York City’s Easter European communities. Cureus. 2022; doi:10.7759/cureus.21664.
