American Sign Language (ASL) is a visually rich language, and understanding how to sign common words like “doctor” is essential for effective communication. The sign for “doctor” in ASL is versatile, with a few variations depending on the context and the signer’s background. This guide will explore the most common ways to sign “doctor,” delving into its nuances and historical roots to give you a comprehensive understanding.
Signing “Doctor” (Medical Doctor): The Recommended Version
The most widely recognized and recommended sign for a medical doctor in ASL involves using a “bent hand” shape. Here’s how to perform it:
- Handshape: Form your dominant hand into a “bent hand” – as if you’re lightly tapping with your knuckles.
- Location: Place your non-dominant hand palm up, in front of you.
- Movement: Tap the fingertips of your dominant “bent hand” twice on the upturned wrist of your non-dominant hand.
This version is often favored for its clarity and ease of execution.
The “D” Handshape Version of Doctor ASL
Another variation of the “doctor” sign utilizes the “D” handshape. In this version:
- Handshape: Form your dominant hand into a “D” handshape.
- Location: Position your dominant “D” hand near the wrist area of your non-dominant hand, mimicking where a pulse might be taken. Your non-dominant hand can be relaxed or flat, palm up.
- Movement: Tap your “D” hand lightly on your non-dominant wrist area.
This “D” handshape version was more prevalent in the past and is still used by some signers.
The Evolution of the Doctor Sign in ASL: From “M” to Bent Hand
The sign for “doctor” has an interesting history, evolving over time. Historically, the sign often used an “M” handshape, derived from “medical doctor” or “medical practitioner.” This “M” handshape version involved tapping the “M” hand on the wrist, similar to the bent hand and “D” versions.
According to ASL expert Dr. Bill Vicars of ASL University, the “bent hand” version likely emerged as a more simplified and physically easier alternative to the “M” handshape. Over time, the “D” handshape also gained traction, particularly in the late 20th century.
Early sign language dictionaries, such as Dr. Martin Sternberg’s “American Sign Language, A Comprehensive Dictionary,” predominantly featured the “M” handshape version. Lou Fant’s “The American Sign Language Phrase Book” (1983) also showcased the “M” hand version. By the 1990s, dictionaries like Elaine Costello’s “Random House American Sign Language Dictionary” began listing the “D” handshape as the primary sign for “doctor,” with the “M” handshape as an alternative.
This historical progression illustrates the dynamic nature of language, with signs evolving for ease of use and clarity. Today, the “bent hand” version is widely considered the most current and commonly used sign for “medical doctor,” although regional variations and personal preferences still exist.
Signing “Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)” or “Doctor of Education (EdD)” in ASL
It’s crucial to distinguish between a medical doctor and an academic doctor (Ph.D. or Ed.D.). In ASL, you do not use the medical “doctor” sign for academic doctors. Instead, you fingerspell “D-R” followed by the person’s name.
While titles are not emphasized in everyday Deaf communication, using “D-R” before a name is appropriate when formally introducing someone with a doctorate degree.
Base Hand Variations: Does it Matter if the Base Hand is Open or Closed?
A common question from ASL learners concerns the non-dominant hand, or “base hand,” position in the “doctor” sign. As Dr. Bill Vicars clarifies, whether the base hand is flat or slightly curled is generally immaterial and doesn’t change the sign’s meaning.
In casual conversation among Deaf individuals, the base hand is often relaxed and slightly curled simply because it requires less effort. However, when demonstrating the sign formally or teaching it, signers may use a flat, palm-up base hand for clearer visual representation. Both variations are correct and understood within the Deaf community.
Conclusion: Embrace the Variations and Learn Locally
The ASL sign for “doctor” showcases the richness and evolution of sign language. While the “bent hand” version is currently favored for “medical doctor,” understanding the “D” handshape version and the historical “M” handshape provides valuable context.
The most important takeaway is to observe and learn the variations used by your local ASL community and instructors. Language is a living, breathing entity, and regional and personal preferences play a role in sign usage. By being aware of these nuances, you can communicate effectively and respectfully within the ASL community.
To further expand your ASL vocabulary, explore related signs such as NURSE and SURGERY on ASL University. You can also support ASL education through donations to ASL University or by visiting Dr. Bill’s Bookstore for more learning resources.
